2018年2月12日月曜日

ノーベル賞月報 Shining Light

2月号です。

Nobelprize.org
Monthly
FEBRUARY 2018


Photon waves. Image: CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
Shining Light on the Nobel Prizes
The dual nature of light
What is light? For centuries scientists struggled to prove whether visible light behaves like a particle or a wave, until they concluded that it behaves like both. Light, as well as other forms of electromagnetic radiation, can move like waves and carry photons with different amounts of energy. Through the years, the Nobel Committees have celebrated many different discoveries and functions that helped to illuminate the nature of light.

Reflections on light
Although famed for his theories of relativity, it was his law about light that gave Albert Einstein his Nobel Prize in Physics. 

Albert Einstein.


Life from light
Find out how a protein structure helped explain arguably the most important chemical reaction on earth - photosynthesis - a discovery awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Light and sight
Our vision works by the light around us being captured by a large number of light-sensitive cells located in the retinas at the back of our eyes. The 1967 Medicine Laureates Ragnar Granit, Keffer Hartline and George Wald explained how our eyes detect light and colour.


Light in life
Lighting plays a significant role in our quality of life. The development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has made more efficient light sources possible. Creating white light that can be used for lighting requires a combination of red, green, and blue light. Blue LEDs proved to be much more difficult to create than red and green diodes. During the 1980s and 1990s Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano, and Shuji Nakamura successfully used the difficult-to-handle semiconductor gallium nitride to create efficient blue LEDs.

The inner light
Literature Laureate Harry Martinson depicted the Swedish natural environment in his poetry, but was also a world traveler and a stargazer.

Photo: Devilal, CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

Monthly Quiz
A global prize
The Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded to 114 authors from more than 40 countries. In which country were most Literature Laureates born?  Make a guess and click to submit your answer.

ノーベル賞月報