2015年3月23日月曜日

ノーベル賞の女性たち(ノーベル賞月報)

Monthly
MARCH 2015
Linda Buck
Linda Buck.
Six Nobel Women in Focus
Linda Buck - Discovered How Our Sense of Smell Works
Linda Buck's parents urged her to think independently, to be critical of her own ideas and to do something worthwhile with her life. By chance, she read an article about odor detection. The basic principles for recognizing and remembering about 10,000 different odors were not understood. This fascinated Linda Buck, who tried to determine how odorants are initially detected in the nose. Together with co-Laureate Richard Axel, she clarified how our olfactory system works. Linda Buck is one of eleven female Medicine Laureates.
arrow Short video documentary about the 2004 Medicine Laureates

Maria Goeppert Mayer.
Maria Goeppert Mayer.
Maria Goeppert Mayer
Made the First Advanced Model of Nuclear Structure
Maria Goeppert Mayer was determined to become the seventh professor in her family. She started at the university - yet, at that time it was not trivially easy for a woman to do so. She was attracted to physics, and later began researching how atomic nuclei are built up, including the so-called "magic numbers" that had long puzzled scientists. After only a year, in 1949, she found the solution! Maria Goeppert Mayer is one of two women awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
arrow More about Maria Goeppert Mayer's work

Irène Joliot-Curie
Discovered Artificial Radioactivity
Daughter to Nobel Laureates Marie and Pierre Curie, she became involved in her mother's work at an early age, exposing herself to large doses of radiation. Either alone or in collaboration with her husband, Frédéric Joliot, she did important work on natural and artificial radioactivity. They were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize, an honor Marie Curie never witnessed, as she died of leukemia in 1934. Irène Joliot-Curie is one of four women awarded the Chemistry Prize.
arrow Watch Irène Joliot-Curie's photo gallery
Irène Joliot-Curie
Irène Joliot-Curie.

Alice Munro.
Alice Munro.
Alice Munro
Depicts Difficult Relationships
By the time she was eleven, Alice Munro was a reader. She also wrote poetry, and made up stories in her mind on her way home from school, stories which she later wrote down. Alice Munro portrays the everyday world. The flat Canadian agricultural landscape, with its broad rivers and seemingly bland small towns, is where most of her short stories unfold. But the serenity and simplicity are deceptive in every way. Alice Munro is the most recently awarded of the 13 female Literature Laureates.
arrow Read Alice Munro's novel In Sight of the Lake

Malala Yousafzai
Works for Children's Right to Education
Young Malala Yousafzai always had a thirst for education. She loved learning and discovering new things. But in 2012, her world changed into a place of terrorism, and girls were stopped from going to school. Malala Yousafzai raised her voice in protest and was shot, but survived. Sixteen women have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize during the years. Malala Yousafzai is the most recent Laureate, and the youngest ever, only 17 years. She was awarded for her struggle against the suppression of children and for their right to education.
arrow Listen to Malala Yousafzai's Nobel Lecture
Malala Yousafzai
Malala Yousafzai

Elinor Ostrom
Elinor Ostrom.
Elinor Ostrom
Studied the Management of Common Property
Elinor Ostrom is the first and only woman awarded a Prize in Economic Sciences. She grew up during the depression, being a poor kid in a rich kid's school. Despite a lack of support from home, she went to college. Although the university discouraged her from studying political science, she earned a Ph.D. in the field. She challenged the conventional wisdom by demonstrating how local property can be successfully managed by local commons without any regulation by central authorities or privatization.
arrow Read more about her life

Monthly Quiz
Oldest Awarded Woman?
The average age when awarded is 57 for the female Nobel Laureates in all prize categories. Do you know who was oldest when awarded the Nobel Prize? Make a guess and click to submit your answer.
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日本からも早くノーベル賞を受賞するような女性が出て欲しいものですね。

STAP細胞の時は本当に期待したのですが。

最初の受賞者は誰で、いつごろ現われるでしょうか。